National Education Policy 2020 le Kukite
Thongkholal Haokip,
Lamhil (A Monthly Newsletter of KSO Delhi), September 2020.
Kum somthum le gup jouvin ichennao India gam a sorkar in National Education Policy (NEP) 1986 chu akhel din NEP thah hung kisem chu lha masa Lhadou lhalhun kon nisim 29 ni chun India Inpi semang pachong hon phatsahna ananei taovin ahi. Hiche phengmai 60 jen a kisunlha India pumpi a chepi ding education policy hi achesa Kum 2017 a chu Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Tua Ministry of Education, minister Pu Prakash Javedkar in Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) Chairman lui K. Kasturirangan chu NEP athah lha gup sunga semdoh dia ngansena anapeh ahi. Phat lasao jep tajongleh 2019 kum chun hiche draft NEP chu semhoibe nadin muntin a um India mite lunggel ho pekhom din MHRD website a ana tahdoh uvin ahi. Hiti chun mipi lungel lekhathot 77,000 val anamu jou uva chuleh hiche lunggel tampi ho lahthei dia committee in agel hou akoilut jou uva NEP 2020 chu MHRD koma ana thahlut uva, santheidol ahi nunga mipi hetdia hung ki tahlang ahi.
Hiche NEP 2020 in alhangpi in ni in akikhen in, hiche chu ‘School Education’ le ‘Higher Education’ ahi. Hiche policy dungjui a school education curriculum le pedagogy design thah beh akibol in, masanga 10+2 system chu tua hi 5+3+3+4 design hidinga tohgon ahi. Hiche lah a chu chapang lekha hin simtil kum 5 sung, chuleh ahithei leh Grade 5 gei, a khu ‘home language/mother tongue’ a lekha asim uva akihil diu hi NEP deisah ahi. Hinlah hiche hi phatah a igel leh aphatna leh aboina tamtah aum in kagel in ahi. Aphatna le asetna chu anoi lang jep a hin sei inge.
Hiche masang chun, NEP 2020 hin school themjilna hi restructure kithahbol keo hilouva agel khohpen khat chu ahileh simlai chapang hon lung thuhtah a geltheina (cognitive skills) khantousah ding tihi adoi pipen ahi. Hiche aumthei na ding chun school curriculum hi ahunglhung ding kum 20 sunga hi khel ding tihi tohgon ahi. Chuleh simlai chapang ho themvetna (exam) jong hi tutua kiha chepi ‘rote memorization’, eihon by-heart itiu, hi khel a ‘higher order skills’ tichu ‘critical thinking’ le ‘analysis’ khohsah ding tihi ahi. Hiche hohi chepi nadin angaicha tamtah lah a chu jilkung ho jong training peh ding chuleh school syllabus jong vesui ding chu National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) ngansena ahi. NCERT hin CBSE, ICSE le state school board jouse toh kijatoh a pan ahinlah diuva tohgon kinei ahi.
Hinlah hiche policy document hi asut tho sehseh a thilpha kisei a atah a kichepi lou ham ti jong hi mi tamtah lungdon na ahi. Ajeh chu atamjo ichennao Manipur gamsunga tutu a vaipo hon Ollha 2018 a patnin social media le newspaper mangcha a avaipoh nao hin dem jouse India danpi mangcha in mochanna ape uvin jail a akoilut thuthu uvin ahi. Hiche ana kibolho hi changval chunga mosona kinei anahi. Hilah lha masa a patnin sorkar college ho a jilkung hon social media hihen, newspaper le television hileh sorkar natoh le policy ho ahin dem theilou na diuvin Central Government (Conduct) Rules, 1964 chu pan khum uvin ahi. Hiche hi ivetna ahileh political science jilkung in mipi masang ahilouleh Tv, radio le adang dang media mangcha a politics discuss abolthei louding tina ahi. Economics jilkung in India in achepi economic policy ho a houlim theilou ding tina ahi. Hitobanga chu education jilkung in education policy, environmental science jilkung in sorkar environment policy, science jilkung in science policy ho aphat assetna ho houlimna anei theilou ding tina ahi.
Ahin NEP aphatna chu ahileh, hiche policy document in jong asei dungjui a, chapang ama pao va akihil leh ahethem thei jo e ati hi ahi. Hinlah hiche hi lunggel (policy level) in phalheh jongleh atah a chepithei ding hinam tihi gelthuh louva khoh khat ahi. India hi British ten kum 200 vel vai anapoh jou uva adalhah uva chamlhat gam ihunghi uva pat nop le da um louva jat tin ina chenkhom uva vannoija gam lentah khat ihunghi u ahi. Ahitijeh chun 2011 census dungjui in kampao chom tho 19,500 aum in, hicheho lah a chu mi 10,000 val in atho pao chu 121 anahi. India danbu a pao ki hetpeh (scheduled language) chu 22 ahi. Hiche ho lah a sah-solam gamkai a ho ahileh Assamese, Bodo, Manipuri le Nepali ahi. Hiche kampao 22 sese hi government in semhoibe nadinga kumseh le paisa tamtah asen ji ahi.
Ichennao gam Manipur, Assam le Nagaland a hin jat tamtah acheng in, eiho lah jenga jong pao khat tho mihem jat sang som lhing joulou jong ijat hamkhat aum in ahi. Ahileh NEP 2020 in ahasei simlai chapang Grade 5 gei ama kampao va lekha hil teiding kiti hi ahithei nadem tihi veu hite.
Akhatna in, sorkar school ho igam sung uva tamtah aum in ahi. Atamjo hi primary school ngan ahi. Hiche school hohi phatah a kai u hinam tichu achom in kikoidoh taleh; hiche school hohi phatah a ivet leh oja hi muntin na kon chuleh nam chom chom ahisoh kei uvin ahi. Achuti leh hiche school umna khosung mite pao chun oja hon ahilthei sohkei na diuvem?
Anina in, private school ho ve kit ute. Private school ho hi sumtong dei ahijeh un simlai chapang atamthei napen na lahding tihi amaho deisah ahitoh lhonin simlai chapang jong muntin na konna paotin tho kisukhom kit ahi. Chuma bang chun jilkung dia kila ho jong paochom tho tamtah umkit ahi.
Hiti ahijeh chun NEP 2020 in adeisah simlai chapang ama kampaova grade 5 gei hiltei ding kiti hi jat le nam tamtah chenna gam ho a dia thil hahsatah ahi. Hiche tohgon hinsem hohin hitobang nam neo chacha tamtah chengkhom a khosahna hohi ana gel behset lou ahi din akilange. Ajehchu mainland India a hi mihem tam ahitoh lhonna hitobang tohgon hohi hithei dia amu u ahi.
Ahin itam chenna pen u Manipur gam hi sorkar tuh a pang atam pen tehi ginchat bang in nam neo ho din lungpi akeng pouve. Apao tho u hi scheduled language ahi vanga ‘endangered language’ danna gel tamtah um ahi. Achesa kum som masanga hetthei khat chu ahileh Manipur board in high school a language subject ho lah a Additional English ana um chu lahdoh a Elementary Manipuri thinglhangmi jouse jong lahsah din ana gong uvin ahi. Hinlah thinglhangmi simlai ho kiloikhomna ATSUM in hatah a ana doudal in hiche tohgon chu ana chelha thei tapoi.
Hiche optional subject kilahdoh kigot in avetsah chu ahileh thinglhangmi hohin Manipuri pao le lekhajem hi he uhen lang them uhen tina himaithei nan tin, ahinlah thinglhangmi atamjo dia hiche hi ada adoi a kibolsah got (imposition) ana hikhan ahi. Mihem kiti hi koima ada adoi a thil kibolsah theilou ahi. Tekahnan, kei jong Manipur board a pol som hung pass kahin, bu som kasim uva chu Elementary Manipuri kana lah ahi. Additional English ana um jongleh kakilhen jeh a chu hiche subject chu kanalah ahin, koiman ei bolsah ahipoi. Masang chun pol som a hin language subject ho chu 100 marks ana hijou pon 50 marks anahi. Mark 100 hithei nadia Additional English ahilouleh Elementary Manipuri ana kilaji ahi. Tuhin Kuki Research Forum a active member Dr. D Letkhojam Haokip le Dr. Seikhohao Kipgen teni pan halah najal in Bachelor of Arts/Science/Commerce a jong Thadou-Kuki subject lhingset in aum tai. Tua itaonao le lung le tha ise khom diu chu ahileh university level a Kuki department hi iti leh isemdoh thei diu ham tihi ahi.
Hiche ho kahin seidohna pipen ajeh ipi ham iti leh NEP 2020 in adeisah simlai chapang grade 5 changei ama kampao va lekha asim ding hi jat le nam tamtah chenna, jat neo abang bang alhom dan uchu mihem sang som lhing nahnah ijat hamkhat umna Manipur gam tobanga hi hitobang tohgon tohdoh ding kiti chu thil hahsa ahina ban na jat neo ho dia olol a manthahna hung sohthei lampi aum ahi. Tukhang a hin ham le pao boipi scholar le university tamtah in hitobang jat neo ho pao aman (loss) kigot hi akhohsah uvin, ajehchu achesa kum somnga sunga hi vannoija pao tamtah mang ahitai. Hijeh a chu amanlou tei na diuva pan alah u ahi.
Hinlah ichennao gam a soarkar hi majoritarian government chuleh kei mudol a ‘ethnocratic state’ ahi. Hitobang soarkar hohin atamjo te deisah bou chepi a jat le nam dang ho chat theilouva koiding hi hitobang sorkar deisah ahiji. Hijeh a chu achesa phat ho a pao (language) jong high school a amaho pao impose anabol kigot bang uva hi hiche NEP 2020 a konna jong hi language endangerment ahung um dem tihi kei lunggel a sah-ih napen ahi. Ajeh chu language study kibolna ho ivet leh eiho le thinnglhangmi adang hohin India gamsunga pao len ho, tichu Hindi le adang dan ho, hi threat a kigel louva ahivanga state sunga Manipuri impose kibol kigo a kichesah kigot hi threat lenjo a kila ahi.
Hijehchun hiche NEP 2020 hi olol a ahung kichepi masanga eiho, adeh a KSO in, chinggeh le pil tah a hiche hohi avetlhih jing ding hi deisah ahi. Manipur a pao tho ho lah a eiho hi anina a tamepn ihi uvin, hinlah eiho Kuki-Chin group a jat neocha cha ho jong hi iti vettup a ventup thei ham tihi deisah najal a hiche lunggel hi kahinsut ahi.